Myoglobin is a small haeme-containing protein that imparts the red colour to meat and is the primary oxygen-carrying protein of muscle tissues. The oxygen stored by myoglobin is released into the mitochondria, where it acts as the terminal electron acceptor of oxidative respiration. It was the first protein for which a complete 3-dimensional structure was determined using X-ray diffraction.
Myoglobin is found in all vertebrate striated muscle such as skeletal and heart muscle but not in smooth muscle. Muscle that requires much oxygen such as the heart contains large amounts of myoglobin.Human skeletal muscles contain 0.5 to 1% w/w of myoglobin.
Myoglobin is rapidly released into the blood after damage to muscles, especially after myocardial infarction making it a useful indicator of heart damage, especially when used inconjunction with tests for creatine kinase-muscle form (CK-MM) and Troponin complex. Myoglobin concentrations peak more rapidly than the other two proteins.
SCIPAC myoglobin monoclonal antibodies have been tested in ELISA assay.
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